Hmong Population in United States by State : 2025 Ranking & Insights

Based on the latest U.S. Census estimates, the Hmong population in the United States stands at 357,278. California reports the largest population with 115,076 residents, followed by Minnesota (100,958) and Wisconsin (60,218). Several other states and the District of Columbia also show meaningful Hmong presence. This national overview explores how Hmong populations are distributed across different U.S. states, with insights into both established communities and emerging patterns.

Top 5 states with the largest Hmong population in United States

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  • 1
    California
    Hmong population in California is 115,076
    0.29% of California population is Hmong
  • 2
    Minnesota
    Hmong population in Minnesota is 100,958
    1.77% of Minnesota population is Hmong
  • 3
    Wisconsin
    Hmong population in Wisconsin is 60,218
    1.02% of Wisconsin population is Hmong
  • 4
    North Carolina
    Hmong population in North Carolina is 13,932
    0.13% of North Carolina population is Hmong
  • 5
    Michigan
    Hmong population in Michigan is 9,174
    0.09% of Michigan population is Hmong

U.S. States by Hmong Population : National Rankings

View Methodology
American Community Survey data [1] show significant Hmong populations in leading states, including California, Minnesota, Wisconsin, and North Carolina, while other states recorded minimal number of residents identified as Americans of Hmong birth or descent. The table below provides broader statistics, including total population figures, density measures, and demographic distributions based on current ACS data for all states included in this analysis*.
states in United States ranked by Hmong population count
Rank by Hmong Population
State
Hmong Population
% of Total State Population
% of Total United States Hmong Population
5 Year Rank Trend
1 California 115,076 0.29% 32.21%
2 Minnesota 100,958 1.77% 28.26%
3 Wisconsin 60,218 1.02% 16.85%
4 North Carolina 13,932 0.13% 3.90%
5 Michigan 9,174 0.09% 2.57%
6 Oklahoma 7,715 0.19% 2.16%
7 Alaska 5,624 0.77% 1.57%
8 5,384 0.07% 1.51%
9 4,732 0.04% 1.32%
10 4,595 0.08% 1.29%
11 3,805 0.09% 1.07%
12 3,110 0.01% 0.87%
13 2,751 0.09% 0.77%
14 2,017 0.07% 0.56%
15 1,828 0.04% 0.51%
16 1,726 0.03% 0.48%
17 1,686 0.01% 0.47%
18 1,475 0.02% 0.41%
19 1,460 0.01% 0.41%
20 1,323 0.04% 0.37%
21 969 0.03% 0.27%
22 809 0.01% 0.23%
23 724 0.00% 0.20%
24 630 0.01% 0.18%
25 622 0.01% 0.17%
26 588 0.02% 0.16%
27 545 0.01% 0.15%
28 543 0.05% 0.15%
29 476 0.01% 0.13%
30 455 0.01% 0.13%
31 401 0.04% 0.11%
32 291 0.03% 0.08%
33 241 0.00% 0.07%
34 206 0.01% 0.06%
35 194 0.01% 0.05%
36 167 0.00% 0.05%
37 159 0.01% 0.04%
38 117 0.00% 0.03%
39 100 0.00% 0.03%
40 64 0.01% 0.02%
41 63 0.00% 0.02%
42 43 0.01% 0.01%
43 37 0.00% 0.01%
44 21 0.00% 0.01%
45 17 0.00% 0.00%
46 5 0.00% 0.00%
47 4 0.00% 0.00%
48 0 - -
48 0 - -
48 0 - -
Need the complete table? Full rankings and the underlying data sets for California and other locations are available for purchase or license.

Methodology

This ranking list is based on data from the American Community Survey (ACS) 5-Year Estimates, conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau. The ACS is one of the most reliable sources for understanding population trends across different locations, and it provides estimates for various racial and ethnic groups at city, county, state and all geography levels down to the Census block group.
This list ranks state in United States by their Hmong population, using the most recent ACS data available.

How the Census defines Hmong population

The U.S. Census Bureau allows people to self-identify their ancestry, meaning individuals can write upto ancestries when responding to the survey. In this ranking, we include everyone who identifies as having Hmong ancestry, whether alone or in combination with another ancestry.
Here are a few important things to know about how ancestry is reported:
  • Some people identify as Hmong alone, while others identify as Hmong along with another race (such as Hmong and German).
  • We’ve used the “Hmong alone or in any combination” category unless noted otherwise, which gives a broader picture of the Hmong population in each area.

How We Ranked the Data

This ranking is based on the total number of people who identified as Hmong alone or in combination in state. To provide additional context, we’ve also included two key percentages:
  1. % of Total State Population – This shows what percentage of the total state population identifies as Hmong .
  2. % of Total United States Hmong Population – This tells us how much of the entire U.S. Hmong population lives in that state.
To keep things simple, all population numbers have been rounded to the nearest whole number, and percentages are rounded to one decimal place. Because of rounding, some percentages may not add up to exactly 100%.

Things to Keep in Mind

Like all survey-based data, ACS estimates come with some limitations. Here are a few things to be aware of:
  • In places with very small Hmong populations, the numbers may not be reported at all due to privacy protections or sampling variability in the survey.
  • Since the ACS is based on a sample, the numbers are estimates, not exact counts. That means they may slightly differ from other sources like the decennial U.S. Census.
  • State that don’t have any reported Hmong population are not included in the ranking but are listed separately below for reference.
This ranking is meant to provide a clear, data-driven look at where Hmong populations are most concentrated while keeping the numbers easy to understand.

Sources

  1. 2019-2023 5-Year Estimates.
  2. 2023.